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The structures and functions of different types of biomolecules are the following:

1. Carbohydrates are biomolecules made up of C, H and O exclusively, chemically defined as polyalcohols with an aldehyde or ketone group.

Functions:

  • Main sources of energy.
  • They provide C for the biosynthesis of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other carbohydrates.
  • Formation of structures in vegetables (Cellulose).
  • Energy reserve (Starch in vegetables, Glycogen in animals)

2. Lipids are organic biomolecules always formed by C, H and O although many have phosphorus and nitrogen, and to a lesser extent sulfur.

Functions:

  • Main energy reserves in living beings. (Triglycerides).
  • They are part of cell membranes.
  • Regulates the activity of cells and tissues.

3. Proteins are organic biomolecules always made up of C, H, O and N, they are composed of small molecules called amino acids, which are linked to each other through the so-called peptide bond.

Functions:

  • Blood transport.
  • Regulators of cellular activities.
  • Reservation functions.

4. Nucleic acids are compounds always formed by C, H, O, N and P are polymers of monomers called nucleotides.

Functions:

  • It contains all the genetic information of the organism, through genetic inheritance.
  • It is the information to make proteins.
  • Cell energy store.

Therefore, we can conclude that carbohydrates are those that provide us with energy to carry out our activities,in comparison with lipids or fats are our energy reserve,on the other hand proteins act as support and structure of the body and nucleic acids comply with inheriting genetic material.

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